Sekali lagi rakyat Malaysia berpeluang menyaksikan Gerhana Matahari Separa yang dijangka akan berlaku pada awal pagi 22 Julai 2009 nanti. Berdasarkan kiraan Skymap Pro 8, di Kuala Lumpur, waktu kemunculan gerhana matahari adalah seperti berikut:
Waktu sentuhan pertama : 8:29 pagi
Waktu Puncak Gerhana: 9:07 pagi
Waktu Tamat Gerhana : 9:48 pagi
GERHANA MATAHARI 22 Julai 2009
Fenomena gerhana matahari adalah suatu fenomena yang jarang-jarang berlaku iaitu satu kali atau dua kali dalam satu tahun kalendar. Gerhana matahari terbahagi kepada 4 jenis, iaitu gerhana penuh, gerhana annulus (cincin), gerhana hibrid (penuh+cincin) dan gerhana separa (sebahagian). Gerhana separa merujuk peringkat awal atau akhir suatu gerhana matahari, atau bahagian bumi yang masih dapat melihat gerhana, tetapi tidak akan dapat melihat gerhana matahari fasa penuh atau cincin.Gerhana penuh matahari pada 22 Julai 2009 nanti merupakan gerhana yang paling lama untuk abad ke 21. Bill Kramer dalam laman webnya menyebut:"The eclipse passes over the Chinese cities of Chengdu, Suining, Chonging, Wuhan, Xiaogan, Hangzhou, and Shanghai by which time the duration of the eclipse is over five minutes of totality. Leaving Shanghai the path continues into the ocean encountering islands such as Toshima and Akusaki south of Japan and eventually the Marshall islands.The maximum eclipse duration of 6 minutes and 43 seconds occurs far off the coast in the Pacific Ocean."Lokasi yang menjadi laluan gerhana penuh boleh dilihat pada rajah di bawah. Namun bagi penduduk Malaysia, mereka hanya berpeluang menyaksikan gerhana tersebut dalam fasa separa dalam peratus maksimum yang kecil antara 3% hingga 18% sahaja dari kebanyakan bandar-bandar utama di Malaysia. Untuk memudahkan anda memerhatikan fenomena gerhana ini, jadual detik berlakunya fenomena gerhana bagi bandar-bandar utama di Malaysia telah disediakan.
Sila lihat
Lampiran A.
Lampiran A: Jadual Detik Berlaku Gerhana Bandar-Bandar Utama Di MalaysiaDari Kuala Terengganu, formasi gerhana (13% maksimum) adalah seperti rajah berikut:-Pastikan anda mengetahui cara selamat melihat gerhana matahari, seperti berikut:1. Menggunakan penebat (penapis) alpha-hydrogen2. Menggunakan penebat aluminium mylar3. Menggunakan filem hitam putih (monokrom) yang telah didedahkan kepada cahaya dan telah diproses. Filem yang telah terdedah dan diproses akan menghasilkan lapisan perak yang melindungi mata daripada bahaya cahaya matahari. 4. Menggunakan kaca penebat (glass-filter) yang khusus untuk matahari5. Menggunakan kaedah projection seperti lakaran di bawah. Teleskop atau binokular dengan tripod lebih sesuai digunakan.6. Menggunakan kamera lubang jarum7. Paling tidak, anda boleh memerhatikan bayang matahari pada tanah yang melalui celah celah dahan pokok. Anda mungkin dapat menyaksikan suatu yang cukup menarik. Boleh juga memerhatikan cahaya matahari yang melalui lubang kecil pada atap rumah anda yang menyinari lantai/dinding rumah. Perhatikan cahaya pada lantai/dinding tersebut. Anda mungkin temui sesuatu yang menarik.
Insya Allah.Rujukan:Bill Kramer (1999-2009).TSE 22 July 2009.Online:http://www.eclipse-chasers.com/tse2009.html (10 Jun 2009)Xavier M. Jubier (1991-2009).Solar Eclipse Calculator.Online:http://xjubier.free.fr/en/site_pages/SolarEclipseCalculator.html (10 Jun 2009)Submitted by : Ahmad Taufan bin Abdul Rashid
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Program Sijil Falak Cerapan Gerhana Matahari Separa 26 Jan 2009 Gerhana Matahari 26 Januari 2009 Tentukan Sendiri Arah Kiblat Gerhana Ogos 2008 Marhaban Jamadil Akhir 1429 Istiwa Utama Matahari Di Mekah Marhaban Rabiul Akhir 1429 Rukyah Hilal Safar 1429 Program Sijil Falak Sesi 2007/2008 Sun And Moon Halo Comet 17P/Holmes Memahami Isu Awal Ramadhan Dan Syawal Rukyah Anak Bulan Syawal 1428 Betulkan Jam Anda CNN NEWS
Darkness falls in Asia during total eclipse, luring masses
Story Highlights
Event is longest of 21st century, astronomers predict it would last over 6 minutes
People in parts of Pacific Ocean, China and India able to get full view Chinese city of Shanghai touted as one of the best spots to watch the eclipse Some unusual watching events include a cruise, plane trip and a music festival document. Write(cnnRenderTimeStamp(1248308744809,['July 23, 2009 -- Updated 0025 GMT (0825 HKT)','updated 8:25 p.m. EDT, Wed July 22, 2009']));
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(CNN) -- The longest solar eclipse of the century cast a wide shadow for several minutes over Asia and the Pacific Ocean Wednesday, luring throngs of people outside to watch the spectacle.
State television in China broadcast this image of the eclipse.
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Day turned into night, temperatures turned cooler in cities and villages teemed with amateur stargazers. The total eclipse started in India on Wednesday morning and moved eastward across Nepal, Bangladesh, Bhutan, Vietnam, China and parts of the Pacific. Millions cast their eyes towards the heavens to catch a rare view of the sun's corona. Cloud cover in some areas prevented people from fully savoring the phenomenon. Still, many were awed. Tim O'Rourke, a 45-year-old freelance photographer from Detroit, Michigan, lives in Hong Kong but traveled up to Shanghai -- touted as one of the best spots to watch the eclipse.
"It was pitch black like midnight," said O'Rourke, standing in People's Square with what appeared to be a crowd of thousands. "Definitely not disappointed we came. Of course it would have been much better with nice weather, blue skies. But still it was a great experience, it was a lot of fun." he said.
Total eclipses occur about twice a year as the moon passes between the Earth and the sun on the same plane as Earth's orbit. Wednesday's event lasted up to more than six minutes in some places.
In India, where an eclipse pits science against superstition, thousands took a dip in the Ganges River in the Hindu holy city of Varanasi to cleanse their souls, said Ajay Kumar Upadhyay, the district's most senior official.
The ritual turned into tragedy when an 80-year-old woman died and eight others were injured in what was called a stampede in some media reports. Upadhyay called the incident a "commotion" during sacred rituals in Varanasi.
"Apparently, the woman died because of suffocation and after that there was some commotion, in which some eight other elderly women were injured. But it was not a stampede-like situation," Upadhyay told CNN. It was sunny skies in Hong Kong for the eclipse, where students, parents and the elderly flooded a primary school to watch in the southern Chinese enclave. The local astronomy society gave a presentation on how an eclipse happens and children climbed up ladders to look through two large telescopes on the school roof -- packed with skygazers -- to catch a glimpse of the moon moving across the sun.
Others looked through binoculars covered with solar filter paper or through a large rectangular block labeled "Large Solar Filter," where they could take pictures of the moon moving over the sun. Astronomy enthusiast Louis Chung, 13, brought his teacher to the school to witness the eclipse. "City folks wouldn't usually be able to see this. Nature is wonderful. It is awesome to know that nature can provide such spectacular sights," said Chung, a member of the Hong Kong Astronomical Society. "Nature is incredible, and there is too much we don't know about," said another Hong Kong local, Yee Ping, a journalist for a financial newspaper. "We try to know more and see by our own eyes so we can feel the power of nature." Richard Binzel, an astronomer at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, said the total eclipse will first be visible at sunrise in India and about four hours later just east of Hawaii. A partial eclipse will be visible as far south as northern Australia and as far north as Siberia, he said.In some cultures, legends and folklore surrounds eclipses.
In India, an eclipse is considered inauspicious. Women forbid pregnant daughters-in-law from going outside out of the belief that their children could be born with marks. Some temples won't offer any prayers on the day of an eclipse -- such as the one next to the planetarium in Mumbai, which said it won't even light a stick of incense. In Chinese tradition, there is a story about a heavenly dog eating the sun. As the story goes, people would make noise to scare off the dog and rescue the sun, said Bill Yeung, president of the Hong Kong Astronomical Society.
"In ancient China, we shared the same impression with our Indian friends that a solar eclipse was not a good thing," he told CNN.
Some of the more unusual ways to see Wednesday's eclipse include a cruise ship that will travel along the centerline off Japan and from aboard a 737-700 chartered plane in India. More conventional viewing parties in Shanghai had been planned along the beach, in a park and in skyscrapers. A music festival has been organized in Japan's Amami island, with more than 6,000 people expected, and Japanese television has shown rows of tents set up on Akusekijima island.
The witnesses of the eclipse will range "from the farmer who only knows legends of eclipses and may not know this is happening at all to the world's experts who have come specifically to the Shanghai region to make the most detailed scientific analysis possible," added Binzel, the MIT astronomer.
Bob Johnson, of Sasketchewan,
Canada, applied for his first passport to come and see the eclipse in Shanghai. "During totality, we didn't see anything. We saw up to 60 percent partial eclipse but then the clouds came in and it downpoured," said Johnson. "I am not really disappointed. I'm a lot happier than yesterday because I didn't think I'd see anything. The partial was beautiful."
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